Food at the World Fairs

Emily’s topic sounds really interesting, and I am looking forward to the research that we will all find on this topic! After seeing her list of items that were introduced at the World Fairs, I wanted to look into it more and see if I could add any more products to her list, especially after hearing that she wanted to focus on foods that are still very popular today. One food that I found was bananas! They were introduced at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia!!

The banana trees (also called Musas trees) were brought over from Brazil and kept in the Agricultural Hall. They were said to be exotic yellow fruit that were sold for 10 cents a piece. They were sold in tinfoil and meant to be eaten with a fork and knife.

Another food item, that Emily had mentioned, was Hire’s Root Beer. This beverage was created by a man named Charles E. Hires on his honeymoon. He created it using roots, berries and herbs. It was introduced at the 1876 Centennial Exposition and became very popular because it just so happened that that year, there was a very bad heat wave. Therefore, Hires sold his root beer packages (the ingredients to make the root beer – roots, herbs, and bark – or 3 oz condensed versions of the extract to make the root beer) for 25 cents a piece. Today, Hire’s root beer is still around and doing well. It is part of the Dr. Pepper Snapple Group that is based in Texas.

Condensed extract for Hires’ Root Beer

Citations/URLS:

Saldanha da Gama, José de, and Centennial Exhibition (1876: Philadelphia, Pa.). Notes in Regard to Some Textile Plants of Brazil, at the International Exhibition at Philadelphia in 1876: by José de Saldanha Da Gama. New York: “O Novo Mundo” Printing Office, 1876. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 30 Mar. 2015.

http://mentalfloss.com/article/25483/party-its-1876-12-items-centennial-exposition

http://www.drpeppersnapplegroup.com/brands/hires/

Archery at the World Fairs

After class last week, I’ve decide to focus on Archery at the World Fairs and branch off of that topic. So far I have found a lot of interesting information just about archery and the Olympics as a whole (in 1900 and 1904). One major connection between the Olympics and the World Fairs is a man named James E. Sullivan (Sam also mentioned him in her post).

Mr. Sullivan worked in the U.S. pavilion at the 1900 world fair in Paris, and he also worked as the director of athletics at the Pan-American Exposition in 1901 fair at Buffalo. He was then hired to work for the Olympic Games. At the time of his appointment, he was also the President of the Metropolitan Athletic Association in New York City. Sullivan is a major factor in the crossover of the fairs and Olympics because “he used his numerous contacts to promote the Physical Culture exhibit by attracting professional meeting, scheduling championship athletic events, and recruiting participants for the Olympic Games” (Findling and Pelle).

Another interesting (yet really mean and sad) aspect about Archery that I found is that it allowed other races to participate in the Olympic Games, not just white men and women (women were allowed to participate in archery starting in 1904). The purpose of allowing other races to participate, however, was to prove white superiority. Sullivan was quoted as calling the games the “Special Olympics.” Some other people called them the “Savage Olympics” but the real name was 1904 Anthropology Days. 

As for gender, Archery was the third sport to allow women to participate (behind golf and tennis). Archery was once considered a sport where women would display their “feminine forms.”

I am still looking into a few more branches about archery, which I will present on tomorrow, but I wanted to write a post about some of the interesting information I’ve found thus far on my final project!

And now for something new…

I’ve been looking for dioramas depicting mining operations that were popular at 19th century World’s Fairs as part of my World’s Fair research. I came across an organization that sponsors a “Logging and Mining Modeler’s Convention” which has a contest for model railroad, logging operations, and diorama construction. Just another way that miniatures are popular. They have been doing this for 28 years. Alas, it is in California but check out their web info here:

LOGGING AND MININING CONVENTION

 

 

All the Rear Window Details

To wrap up my exhibit at the 2015 Flower Show, here are lots of detail images of Rear Window. I saw Rear Window in a movie theatre yesterday and noticed, via the huge images on the big screen,  one “tiny” mistake I made. Miss Lonelyheart’s pills are big red ones instead of little white ones. But I can fix that!!!

Rear Window

Rear Window

Rear Window

Rear Window

Rear Window

Rear Window

Rear Window

Sports at the Paris Exposition

After reading Sam and Professor K’s posts, I became very interested by the sports at the Paris Exposition in 1900. I found a really great article (that I attached below) on the international athletic sports and contests at the Exposition. The athletic events were organized in Vincennes, which is a suburb of Paris, and were divided into 10 main categories: Athletic Games, Gymnastics, Fencing, Shooting-matches, Horse-racing, Bicycling, Automobilism, Nautical Events, Life-saving (life-boats, fire escapes), and Aerostation. I would still associate some of these categories with the Olympics; however, some, such as Automobilism and Life-saving, I wouldn’t have thought to be on display at the Fair as part of the sporting events.

As we discussed two classes ago, each of these events required a stadium or arena to showcase the sport. Athletic games, gymnastics, and fencing were held near Lake Daumesnil, which was near the annex of the Exposition. Shooting-matches were held at Bois de Vincennes, horse-racing at Vincennes Municipal race-course, nautical events at Lake Daumesnil, and bicycling at the Vincennes bicycle track, called the Velodrome. Even the longer bicycle and horse races that had to take place outside of the Fair’s grounds of Vincennes started and ended within the Vincennes Exposition annex.

Although this event was affiliated with the Paris Exposition, the admittance to the events required a separate exposition ticket that was to be paid in cash. Additionally, there was a Commissioner General of the Exposition that was responsible for handling all communications about the international sports events, as well as assistant delegates and ten consulting committees that each had their own presidents for each category of events. The pamphlet also addresses that incidents not expected or special rules for games must be submitted to the commission for review.

Another very interesting thing is that there was an international commission of hygiene and physiology assisting the events. This was something that I hadn’t originally thought about but could be another branch of the spider to expand on.

Lastly, the article ends by addressing a potential political issue that could arise from the events (not a surprise there!). The 1900 international sports contests were supposed to be organized by the French administration; however, the United States was promoting an unauthorized athletic meeting at the Paris Exposition. The paper informs readers to be “on guards against all such plans.” Additionally, why would anyone want to attend these “Amateur Athletic Union” meetings or go to a venue other than the Vincennes annex? This annex is “certainly the most desirable spot” and will have strong communication with the main Exposition, which is under half an hour away.

This is a map of the fair grounds for the athletic sports at Vincennes.

Paris Sports

Zombie Dog

Rear Window fantasy scene: Thorwald regrets killing the little doggie who was digging in his garden.

Penn Museum Visit

Class yesterday was so cool being able to see the American Collection Section! It was so interesting to see the pieces especially the clothing and miniatures. Being able to see clothes from so long ago and made of so many different and traded materials is fascinating!

I found the apron on the table to be one of my favorite pieces from yesterday. Not only did it have printed fabric that was most likely Japanese fabric and beads from who knows where, but it also had the top of a can of condensed milk! I found that part particularly intriguing. I looked up condensed milk and found that it was first produced in the 13th century by a Mongolian tribe and carried on men’s backs to their destinations. After that it is recorded that a french man condensed milk in 1820’s and condensed milk came around in the USA in 1853.

I know I keep repeating myself that it is one thing to read about a topic in class and something totally different to see it in front of your eyes at the museum, but it is so true! To be able to see one piece of clothing that had so many parts from around the world is mind blowing!!

I also found the fish skin dress to be very impressive! I never knew or even thought that clothing could have been made of fish skin before reading Bill’s article and actually witnessing it in the museum. What I also thought was very interesting was that they dyed the fish skin and used that in the design of the clothing as well. So many things yesterday were interesting and intriguing! What I also liked about or visit was that we learned so much from a couple objects than we probably would have if we went through the entire museum by ourselves. Mostly because the descriptions of the items on display are not the best, and also because we had Bill to help explain the clothing and objects. Yesterday’s class was very interesting and fun!!

Olympics at The World’s Fairs

I thought Taylor’s project idea of looking at the Olympics sports is a really fascinating topic, and I wanted to do more research and find some images on the Olympic Games at the 1904 World’s Fair. Originally, the 1904 Olympics Games were supposed to be held in Chicago, but in 1903, it was decided that the games should be transferred to St. Louis and become a part of the World’s Fair. I found a really fascinating Bulletin from the 1904 World’s Fair that has information about the origin of these games, as well as images of the games, athletes, and winners. I learned that this was the first time that “physical culture” was a separate exposition at a fair. The idea came from Mr. Frederick J. V. Skiff (Director of Exhibits) and was organized and run by Mr. James E. Sullivan (Chief Department of Physical Culture).

The Physical Culture building is shown below.

The attendance at these games was high and on the first day, the visitors outnumbered more than 2 to 1 the attendance at the Paris Olympic Games for the entire Olympic Week.

The games consisted of many events and a few are shown below:

The Bulletin also showed images from the day of the games as shown below:

Archie Hahn of Chicago winning the 60-meter race (world record)

 

Beals C. Writs of Boston, winner of Olympic tennis single and winner of doubles with Dwight Davis

200-meter hurdle

I also noticed Dr. K’s comment about the Olympics being a part of the Paris Exposition in 1900. I found an article in the Smithsonian Collection that discusses the American athletes in the Paris games who were still in college. It discusses how Americans won the majority of events. Something I never thought about was that athletes from different countries were trained differently for these events. For example, the article discusses how the Frenchmen were fascinated by the crouching position that American runners started in before a race. There were also some variations in rules and set-ups in Paris that limited the Americans because the American athletes were not used to those different conditions. For example, the broad jump in Paris had an inclined take-off, which the Americans were not accustomed to. However, these limitations did not stop the Americans from taking home many wins.

Sources:

“The Olympic Games of the World’s Fair.” World’s Fair Bulletin Oct. 1904: 16+. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

“The Olympic Games.” World’s Fair Bulletin Apr. 1903: 7. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

“Physical Culture at the World’s Fair.” World’s Fair Bulletin Sept. 1903: 35+. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

“Exposition Sports.” Nineteen Hundred Aug. 1900: 17+. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

Food and Restaurants at the Fairs

After hearing about Emily’s initial research on foods debuted and popularized at the World’s Fairs, I wanted to learn more about how these foods were marketed and the history of other products. One food she mentioned was Dr. Pepper, and I found this advertisement in the 1904 World’s Fair Bulletin.

Another product that I was interested in was Aunt Jemima’s Pancake mix, which Emily also mentioned in class. I wanted to learn about the history of this product, because it is still a food that I use regularly today. I learned that Nancy Green (a slave from Kentucky) was the woman known as “Aunt Jemima.” Chris Rutt and Charles Underwood had the idea of developing packaged pancake flour, but wanted an image for their product. They sold the product to R.T. Davis Milling Company, which used Nancy as the face of Aunt Jemima. At the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Nancy demonstrated how the mix worked, and she served thousands of pancakes. Her show attracted so many people that policemen were assigned to her booth to move the crowd along. Nancy was awarded a medal and certificate from Fair officials for her showmanship.

I also found it interesting that part of our conversation moved to how people actually ate these foods. Was it appropriate to walk around with the food, or did visitors have to sit down? I was curious whether the Fairs even offered sit-down restaurants, so I decided to do some research on restaurant options in case Emily wants to do a branch on this topic.

At the Centennial Exhibition, for example, there were restaurants and lunchrooms in the Exhibition, as well as seven first-class restaurants located within the grounds. For example, in the Agricultural Building there was a restaurant known as Reuter’s Restaurant. The restaurants on the grounds were well-known restaurants and were required by the Centennial Commission to give visitors a fair price. One example was the Grand American Restaurant, which contained a large dining room (seating up to 600 people), a pavilion to sell ice cream, and private rooms. The building as a whole could sit 5,000 people.

Another restaurant was The Southern Restaurant, which was for visitors from the Southern States. The waiters were all colored men and the restaurant fit 1,000 people.

Additional restaurants included a French restaurant, a German restaurant, The Vienne Bakery and Café and The George’s Hill Restaurant (also known as the “Hebrew Restaurant”).

“‘Dr. Pepper’ King of Beverages.” World’s Fair Bulletin June 1904: 87. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/nancy-green-original-aunt-jemima

Norton, Frank Henry, Centennial Exhibition (1876: Philadelphia, Pa.), and Paris Universal Exposition of 1878. The Illustrated History of the Centennial Exhibition, Held in Commemoration of the One Hundredth Anniversary of American Independence: With a Full Description of the Great Buildings and All the Objects of Interest on Exhibition in Them: Embracing Also a Concise History of the Origin and Success of the Exhibition, and Biographies of the Leading Members of the Centennial Commission, to Which Is Added: A Complete Description of the City of Philadelphia: by James D. McCabe. Philadelphia; Chicago; St. Louis; Columbus, Pa.; Ill.; Mo.; Ohio: Published by the National Publishing, 1876. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 21 Mar. 2015.

Wilcox & Gibbs Sewing Machine

After class on Tuesday, I wanted to learn more about the Sewing Machine. I decided to read newspaper articles from the Centennial Exposition of 1876 to see how the sewing machine was marketed and written about during the fair. I came across different articles in Harper’s Weekly that discussed the sewing machine. In Sam’s article earlier this semester, she wrote how Ingram’s Catalogue focuses on many different people who had sewing exhibits at the Fair. It is very interesting how the fair had a variety of different exhibits and machines, but most (if not all) of the pieces discussing the sewing machine in Harper’s Weekly were of the Wilcox & Gibbs machine.

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“Multiple Classified Advertisements.” Harper’s Weekly 27 May 1876: 432. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 19 Mar. 2015.

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“Certainly Worth Investigating.” Harper’s Weekly 30 Sept. 1876: 802. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 19 Mar. 2015.

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I found this one pretty funny. It encourages mothers to buy the new automatic sewing machine because the machine will ensure perfect work and little labor. This will save a mom from breaking down due to the hardships of sewing her children’s wardrobe. As we discussed in class, this article highlights the significance of this invention for women particularly, since at the time, it was considered a women’s job to sew.

“A Sad Experience.” Harper’s Weekly 19 Aug. 1876: 682. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 19 Mar. 2015.

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This shows the prominence and importance of the Wilcox & Gibbs sewing machine by stating that all others are not even comparable. These other machines have nothing since the Wilcox and Gibbs machine took “all honors obtainable.”

“The Centennial Awards ‘Foolish Bombast’.” Harper’s Weekly 21 Oct. 1876: 858. Smithsonian Collections Online. Web. 19 Mar. 2015.

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After reading these articles, I wonder why the Harper’s weekly only discusses this particular sewing machine. Even when it belittles the other machines, it does not give mention to specific companies, people, or brands, not even the Singer sewing machine. I wonder if a different magazine other than Harper’s Weekly focuses on a different sewing machine or if the Wilcox & Gibbs machine was truly the best. However, I find this hard to believe since the Official Catalogues mentioned other machines as well.

1876 Restaurants

Here is a funny excerpt from a children’s book that mentions restaurants at the 1876 Centennial. They talk like they had never heard of a restaurant before!

World’s Fairs and the Olympics

Seems I was wrong about the connection between the Olympics and World’s Fairs. St. Louis in 1904 was not the first time the Olympics were connected to a fair. In 1900 in Paris there were Olympic events as well but they were roundly criticized. I read this in the book on fair midways. It also hinted that these connections between the fairs and the Olympics were designed to revive interest in the Olympics. So, Taylor, you have your work cut out for you finding better information on this but I thought this was an interesting twist.

Flower Show Visit

I really enjoyed our visit to the Flower Show this past week. I had never been to a flower show before this class. It was incredibly impressive what exhibitors can do with beautiful flowers, limited space, and probably limited time. I say limited time because I was just at the Convention Center not more than a couple weeks before for the Car show. When I think of that small gap between the shows, a lot of work and energy had to be spent cleaning up after the Car show and preparing for the next show!

I have lived just outside of Philadelphia my whole life, and I have seen news programs and other TV shows highlighting the Flower show before, but I never expected it to be that impressive and diverse. I had no idea that individuals could show off their own plants! Whenever I watched the news, I just saw the big displays and probably the main exhibit at the shoe (the long white display by Disney “Cinderella”). The entire show was unbelievable!

I especially enjoyed this visit to the Flower show this year because of the theme. My whole family loves Disney and Disney movies, so it was so much fun to practically relive my childhood by seeing all of the Disney movies represented by flower displays!! My favorite displays were the individual princesses and the frozen display. I felt as though the creators really captured the princesses well in there displays. I may have been confused by a couple (for instance, the snow white display being completely red), but after I showed my family the pictures I took and we discussed them, they made more sense to me! For example, in the snow white display, there was an apple at the very bottom that I had not noticed before and there were seven floating baskets to represent the seven dwarfs.

I also really loved the Frozen display. This movie is VERY popular in my family (even though our family’s favorite Frozen fan is probably my 24 year old brother!).

I was also intrigued by the “shop” section. I did not expect to see so many little shops especially since some of them had no relation to flowers or the flower show (glass engravings, wood carvings, license plates and magnets, etc.). Some stands were selling flowers or vases, but there were so many stands that I could not make a connection to the flower show! I wasn’t really expecting this seeing as when I was at the car show, I didn’t see that many stands and what was there, was related to cars and the car show.

Overall, my experience at the car show was awesome. I had so much fun seeing the exhibits and connecting it to the worlds fairs. After seeing this show, I cannot begin to fathom the sheer size and number of exhibits there were to see all over the fair grounds! I really enjoy these field trips because they really help to put the worlds fairs into perspective!!

Rear Window and Final Project

I decided to end my Spring Break by watching Rear Window with my family last night. My brother has always been a film-buff (he was a Cinema Studies minor at Penn), and has collections of famous movies in our apartment. When my brother came over last night, I was telling him about the Flower Show, specifically the miniatures. He asked if I had any pictures, and when I found a picture of Dr. K’s miniature on the Flower Show website, he immediately recognized the scene from Rear Window. He showed me his Hitchcock collection in his room and Rear Window was one of the included movies!

I was curious to see Dr. K’s re-created scene in the movie because there were so many details in her miniature, and I wanted to learn about the significance of each component. Additionally, I love murder mysteries and old movies, and my brother told me that Rear Window is one of the most famous. I was also excited to watch my first Hitchcock movie. I took a picture of my TV when the famous scene came on that Dr. K re-created.

It’s incredible the level of detail in Dr. K’s miniature, and I am now truly able to appreciate the small elements that play a large role in the movie. Some of my favorite features include the ring and bag on the table, the dog’s basket, and Miss Lonelyhearts’ table. When I first saw the miniature, I assumed that there just happened to be flowers in the scene, but it was interesting to learn about how flowers played a role in the mystery itself.

On a different note, I have started thinking about what I want to do my final project on. I wrote a blog post a few weeks ago on the sewing machine, and after doing more research on the object, I think that it could be an interesting topic for my project. I’m sure more “branches” may appear after I continue doing research, but even now I have already thought of many potential “branches” for this topic, such as the history of sewing machines in general and the famous Singer Company in particular, the Industrial Revolution, the evolution of women’s role in the household, etc. I am interested to speak with my classmates and Dr. K to hear any comments or suggestions they have on the topic.

The Philadelphia Flower Show

Our trip to the Flower Show last class was truly the highlight of my past week. I remember going to this Flower Show when I was little with my grandparents and being amazed at the variety and arrangements of flowers. Visiting many years later, I was definitely still intrigued, but I enjoyed and noticed many new things that I had not when I was younger.

I really enjoyed the section where people could bring their plants and display them in the show. It is very cool that anyone can take part in the show if they want to. I am amazed that so many individuals can grow such an incredible variety of flowers. The most unique were the cacti that grow white fuzz on the outside. I also thought it was humorous that almost every flower in this section won some sort of ribbon.

The big designer exhibits were also very cool. I enjoyed the variety of different layouts in this section from the outside patio to the little cottages. I also liked seeing which of these exhibits won the gold, silver, and bronze medals. Seeing how the designers showcased their medals and awards helped me picture how important the medals were to advertise and showcase in the World Fair. When reading World Fair catalogues, it was hard to understand the significance of winning an award for a given section.

Lastly, I really loved the Cinderella and Frozen exhibits. The exhibits were so well thought through and were truly gorgeous. For the Cinderella exhibit, every detail was perfect from the glass slipper in the middle of the table to the chandelier to the flower bouquets. It exuded elegance, prestige, and wealth. The Frozen display incorporated flowers throughout the display in unexpected ways, such as the white flowers on the flower mimicking a carpet. I was very impressed with how Disney was able to design displays around a variety of their movies (but also how designers and other artists could fit movies to their designs after they were complete).

Overall, visiting the Flower Show enabled me to understand what visiting one part of the World Fair would feel it. It was great seeing the show with thousands of visitors and hearing their opinions and likes/dislikes. My experience at this show (similar to how one would feel at the World Fair) was dependent on what I saw but also on the overall atmosphere and people around me.

The Flower Show

I really enjoyed our trip to the flower show because I had never been at one before and had no idea what to expect. I used to always go to the New York City Auto Show at the Javits Center with my father when I was little because I loved being able to sit in each car and see the “high tech” cars that were highlighted in the center. However, I couldn’t imagine how such a show would translate with flowers.

I was excited when I found out that Disney was one of the sponsors because I love all things Disney (both the movies and Disney World), so I was interested to see how flowers would translate into the Disney theme. I thought all of the designs were beautiful, and one that stood out to me was Rapunzel.

I’m also a huge sports fan. Although I am a Yankees fan since I’m from New York, I’ve always had a soft spot for the Phillies since I was originally born in Philadelphia. I thought that the Phillies’ flower display was so creative in how it used the flowers and plants to both replicate the field, as well as a player.

Finally, my favorite part of the exhibit was the miniatures. I was so shocked that all of the flowers and plants in the miniatures were real, because I didn’t know that it was possible to grow flowers and plants so miniscule. Additionally, it was interesting to hear Dr. K speak about what each miniature did well and what each miniature needed to improve on, as well as to see what the judges posted on the wall next to each exhibit. I would never have thought of all of the criteria they use to judge each entry such as the proportion of the plants to buildings, the quality of the plants, and the details in each scene. When I put my face up to glass in front of Dr. K’s miniature, I really felt transformed into the scene because everything was so perfectly in proportion and the details of the scene were amazing. I’m definitely going to have to watch the movie to look for the scene that Dr. K exhibited.

Finally, I never knew that there is also a Flower Show in New York, but my mother was recently telling me about the show that takes place at Macy’s. Unfortunately, I’m going to still be at Penn when this year’s show takes place (March 22 to April 5), but it‘s definitely something that I am looking forward to attending when I am back in New York after college. I looked up details about the 2015 show, and this year’s show will feature two new gardens for the Chinese year of the goat.

2015 Miniature Settings: The Awards Class 135 Fantasy

Here are the results of the judging for the judging of the Miniature Settings in the 2015 Philadelphia Flower Show. These are the awards for CLASS 135: FANTASY

PAMELA GOLDMAN
Follow the Yellow Brick Road
FIRST PLACE

PAMELA GOLDMAN Follow the Yellow Brick Road FIRST PLACE

Follow the Yellow Brick Road detail

 

KATHY BRIGHT, SHERI SULLIVAN, RON SULLIVN
Hollywood Goes to the Dogs
SECOND PLACE 

KATHY BRIGHT, SHERI SULLIVAN, RON SULLIVN Hollywood Goes to the Dogs SECOND PLACE

LORI ANNE CURRALL
Sleeping Beauty
THIRD PLACE 

LORI ANNE CURRALL Sleeping Beauty THIRD PLACE

RONNY SMITH & CHRIS BOGS

Little Shop of Horror
HONORABLE MENTION

RONNY SMITH & CHRIS BOGS Little Shop of Horror HONORABLE MENTION

RANDEE WISMER’S DREAM TEAM
ET Goes Home
HONORABLE MENTION

RANDEE WISMER’S DREAM TEAM ET Goes Home HONORABLE MENTION

2015 Miniature Settings: The Awards Class 136 Drama

Here are the results of the judging for the judging of the Miniature Settings in the 2015 Philadelphia Flower Show. These are the awards for CLASS 136: DRAMA

LOUISE KRASNIEWICZ
Alfred Hitchcock’s Rear Window
FIRST PLACE AND BEST OF THE MINIATURE SETTINGS

LOUISE KRASNIEWICZ Alfred Hitchcock’s Rear Window FIRST PLACE AND BEST OF THE MINIATURE SETTINGS

Rear Window detail

 

CATHY BANDOIAN
Enchanted April
SECOND PLACE 

CATHY BANDOIAN Enchanted April SECOND PLACE

Enchanted April detail

 

 LUCILLE DICKERSON
An Affair to Remember
THIRD PLACE 

LUCILLE DICKERSON An Affair to Remember THIRD PLACE

An Affair to Remember detail

 

 MARY CICCOLELLA
Treasure of the Sierra Madre
HONORABLE MENTION

MARY CICCOLELLA Treasure of the Sierra Madre HONORABLE MENTION

Treasure of the Sierra Madre detail

 

BEVERLY SUE PALAIA
Gone with the Wind
HONORABLE MENTION

BEVERLY SUE PALAIA Gone with the Wind HONORABLE MENTION

Gone with the Wind detail